Desafiando la división norte-sur en el diseño decolonial

Contenido principal del artículo

Ehsan Baha
Abhigyan Singh

Resumen

Este artículo hace una crítica a la división norte-sur que predomina en el discurso sobre la descolonización del diseño, reconociendo su importancia histórica y al mismo tiempo exponiendo sus limitaciones a la hora de hacer avanzar las agendas decoloniales. A menudo, la adopción acrítica de esta dicotomía conduce a la simplificación excesiva, la exclusión y el aislamiento, limitando el impacto práctico de los esfuerzos descolonizadores. Basándonos en las conclusiones de un estudio global ―abordado desde la antropología del diseño― sobre el intercambio de energía, abogamos por una perspectiva postdesarrollista que trascienda la división norte-sur. Nuestro estudio presenta tres ideas clave: la colonización está arraigada en una ideología y requiere una reforma global para la descolonización; el aprendizaje mutuo entre el norte y el sur es esencial; y las infraestructuras desempeñan un papel crucial a la hora de concebir e implementar alternativas decoloniales. Este trabajo pretende estimular el debate sobre la necesidad de adoptar un paradigma postdesarrollista para la descolonización del diseño que sea dialógico, contextual, infraestructural y comparativo.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Detalles del artículo

Cómo citar
Baha, E., & Singh, A. (2024). Desafiando la división norte-sur en el diseño decolonial. Diseña, (25), Article.5. https://doi.org/10.7764/disena.25.Article.5
Sección
Artículos Originales (parte 2)
Biografía del autor/a

Ehsan Baha, University of Montreal; Delft University of Technology

Profesor asistente en la Escuela de Diseño de la Universidad de Montreal. Obtuvo un máster y una licenciatura en Diseño Industrial por la Universidad Tecnológica de Eindhoven. Es miembro del laboratorio de investigación en diseño Hybridlab de la Universidad de Montreal. Su trabajo académico se centra en explorar un enfoque auténtico del desarrollo de la identidad de quien diseña, cultivar una base sólida para el pluralismo disciplinar y elevar el nivel académico del diseño. Actualmente espera la fecha de defensa de su tesis doctoral, titulada “Authentic Designer Identity” (Facultad de Ingeniería de Diseño Industrial, Universidad Tecnológica de Delft). Entre sus publicaciones se cuentan “Expertise Profiling in Design Schools: A Theoretical Framework” (en coautoría con T. Dorta y P. Gauthier; DRS 2024); y “Why Am I Studying Design?” (con M. Koch, N. Sturkenboom, R. Price y D. Snelders; DRS 2020).

Abhigyan Singh, Delft University of Technology

Profesor asistente del Departamento de Diseño Centrado en el Ser Humano de la Universidad Tecnológica de Delft. Posee un doctorado por la Facultad de Ingeniería de Diseño Industrial de la Universidad Tecnológica de Delft, un máster en Diseño de Nuevos Medios por la Universidad de Aalto y una licenciatura en Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación por el DAIICT. Su investigación examina los aspectos sociales, culturales y económicos de los sistemas energéticos emergentes y contribuye conceptual y metodológicamente al ámbito emergente de la antropología del diseño. Recibió el premio WWNA Apply Award 2021 de la Red de Antropología Aplicada de la Asociación Europea de Antropólogos Sociales (EASA-AAN). Entre sus últimas publicaciones se cuentan “Design Anthropology for Ethics of Care and Emergence” (en coautoría con G. van Leeuwen; DRS 2024); y “Envisioning ʽAnthropology through Designʼ” (con N. Romero Herrera, H. W. van Dijk, D. Keyson y A. T. Strating; Design Studies, vol. 76).

Citas

Abdulla, D. (2021). Disciplinary Disobedience: A Border-Thinking Approach to Design. In C. Mareis & N. Paim (Eds.), Design Struggles: Intersecting Histories, Pedagogies, and Perspectives (pp. 227–241). Valiz.

Adams, S., Brown, D., Cárdenas Álvarez, J. P., Chitchyan, R., Fell, M. J., Hahnel, U. J. J., Hojckova, K., Johnson, C., Klein, L., Montakhabi, M., Say, K., Singh, A., & Watson, N. (2021). Social and Economic Value in Emerging Decentralized Energy Business Models: A Critical Review. Energies, 14(23), Article 23. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14237864

Ansari, A. (2019). Decolonizing Design through the Perspectives of Cosmological Others: Arguing for an Ontological Turn in Design Research and Practice. XRDS: Crossroads, The ACM Magazine for Students, 26(2), 16–19. https://doi.org/10.1145/3368048

Ansari, A. (2021). Design’s Missing Others and Their Incommensurate Worlds. In T. Fry & A. Nocek (Eds.), Design in Crisis: New Worlds, Philosophies and Practices (pp. 137–157). Routledge.

Baha, S. E., Dawdy, G., Sturkenboom, N., Price, R., & Snelders, D. (2018). Good Design-Driven Innovation. DRS2018 Research Papers, 1, 98–111. https://doi.org/10.21606/drs.2018.648

Bloch, M. (2010). Ideology. In A. Barnard & J. Spencer (Eds.), The Routledge Encyclopedia of Social and Cultural Anthropology (pp. 369–370).

Centeno, M. A., & Cohen, J. N. (2012). The Arc of Neoliberalism. Annual Review of Sociology, 38, 317–340. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-081309-150235

Connell, R., & Dados, N. (2014). Where in the World Does Neoliberalism Come From?: The Market Agenda in Southern Perspective. Theory and Society, 43(2), 117–138.

Davis, T. W. D. (2012). Globalisation and the North/South Divide: An Overview. In R. Pettman (Ed.), Handbook on International Political Economy (pp. 231–247). World Scientific. https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814366984_0015

Demaria, F., Kothari, A., Salleh, A., Escobar, A., & Acosta, A. (2023). Post-development: From the Critique of Development to a Pluriverse of Alternatives. In S. Villamayor-Tomas & R. Muradian (Eds.), The Barcelona School of Ecological Economics and Political Ecology: A Companion in Honour of Joan Martinez-Alier (pp. 59–69). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22566-6_6

Diethelm, J. (2016). De-colonizing Design Thinking. She Ji: The Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation, 2(2), 166–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sheji.2016.08.001

Escobar, A. (1995). Encountering Development: The Making and Unmaking of the Third World. Princeton University Press.

Escobar, A. (2018). Designs for the Pluriverse: Radical Interdependence, Autonomy, and the Making of Worlds. Duke University Press.

Escobar, A. (2021). Autonomous Design and the Emergent Transitional Critical Design Studies Field. In C. Mareis & N. Paim (Eds.), Design Struggles: Intersecting Histories, Pedagogies, and Perspectives (pp. 25–38). Valiz.

Freire, P. (1970). Pedagogy of the Oppressed. Continuum.

Fry, T., Dilnot, C., & Stewart, S. (2015). Design and the Question of History. Bloomsbury.

Ganti, T. (2014). Neoliberalism. Annual Review of Anthropology, 43, 89–104. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-092412-155528

Geib, S. (2023). Decolonizing the Design Process: A Case Study in Authorship, Power, and Control. Diid —Disegno Industriale Industrial Design, DSI 1. https://doi.org/10.30682/diiddsi23t5k

Gutiérrez Borrero, A. (2021). When Design Goes South: From Decoloniality, through Declassification to Dessobons. In T. Fry & A. Nocek (Eds.), Design in Crisis: New Worlds, Philosophies and Practices (pp. 56–73). Routledge.

Harvey, D. (2005). A Brief History of Neoliberalism. Oxford University Press.

Julier, G. (2013). From Design Culture to Design Activism. Design and Culture, 5(2), 215–236. https://doi.org/10.2752/175470813X13638640370814

Kaszynska, P. (2023). Value in Design: Neoliberalism versus Pragmatism. She Ji: The Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation, 9(1), 21–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sheji.2023.05.001

Kipnis, A. (2010). Neoliberalism. In A. Barnard & J. Spencer (Eds.), The Routledge Encyclopedia of Social and Cultural Anthropology (pp. 503–504).

Litonjua, M. D. (2012). Third World/Global South: From Modernization, to Dependency/Liberation, to Postdevelopment. Journal of Third World Studies, 29(1), 25–56.

Menakem, R. (2017). My Grandmother’s Hands: Racialized Trauma and the Pathway to Mending Our Hearts and Bodies. Central Recovery Press.

Onafuwa, D. (2018). Allies and Decoloniality: A Review of the Intersectional Perspectives on Design, Politics, and Power Symposium. Design and Culture, 10(1), 7–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/17547075.2018.1430995

Otto, T., & Smith, R. C. (2013). Design Anthropology: A Distinct Style of Knowing. In W. Gunn, T. Otto, & R. C. Smith (Eds.), Design Anthropology (pp. 1–29). Bloomsbury.

Papanek, V. J. (1971). Design for the Real World: Human Ecology and Social Change. Pantheon Books.

Patil, K. (2024). Shape of the Design Worldview: Does Language Inform the Design Sense? Design Issues, 40(3), 88–104. https://doi.org/10.1162/desi_a_00769

Schultz, T., Abdulla, D., Ansari, A., Canlı, E., Keshavarz, M., Kiem, M., Martins, L. P. de O., & J.S. Vieira de Oliveira, P. (2018). What Is at Stake with Decolonizing Design? A Roundtable. Design and Culture, 10(1), 81–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/17547075.2018.1434368

Shvartzberg Carrió, M. (2022). Designing Decolonization? Architecture and Indigenous Development. In K. Ruckstuhl, I. A. Velásquez Nimatuj, J.-A. McNeish, & N. Postero (Eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Indigenous Development (pp. 402–413). Routledge.

Silbey, S. (2006). Ideology. In B. S. Turner (Ed.), The Cambridge Dictionary of Sociology (pp. 278–279). Cambridge University Press.

Singh, A. (2019). Conceptualizing Inter-household Energy Exchanges: An Anthropology-through-design Approach [Doctoral Dissertation, Delft University of Technology]. https://doi.org/10.4233/uuid:57be7165-2726-4a1a-b076-c5ed3988e00b

Singh, A., Romero Herrera, N., van Dijk, H. W., Keyson, D. V., & Strating, A. T. (2021). Envisioning ‘Anthropology Through Design’: A Design Interventionist Approach to Generate Anthropological Knowledge. Design Studies, 76(Sep), 101014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2021.101014

Singh, A., Strating, A. T., Romero Herrera, N. A., Mahato, D., Keyson, D. V., & van Dijk, H. W. (2018). Exploring Peer-to-peer Returns in Off-Grid Renewable Energy Systems in Rural India: An Anthropological Perspective on Local Energy Sharing and Trading. Energy Research & Social Science, 46(Dec), 194–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2018.07.021

Singh, A., Strating, A. T., Romero Herrera, N. A., van Dijk, H. W., & Keyson, D. V. (2017). Towards an Ethnography of Electrification in Rural India: Social Relations and Values in Household Energy Exchanges. Energy Research & Social Science, 30(Aug), 103–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2017.06.031

Sloane, M. (2019). On the Need for Mapping Design Inequalities. Design Issues, 35(4), 3–11. https://doi.org/10.1162/desi_a_00559

Smith, R. C., Winschiers-Theophilus, H., Loi, D., de Paula, R. A., Kambunga, A. P., Samuel, M. M., & Zaman, T. (2021). Decolonizing Design Practices: Towards Pluriversality. Extended Abstracts of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Article 83. https://doi.org/10.1145/3411763.3441334

Star, S. L., & Griesemer, J. R. (1989). Institutional Ecology, “Translations” and Boundary Objects: Amateurs and Professionals in Berkeley’s Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, 1907-39. Social Studies of Science, 19(3), 387–420. https://doi.org/10.1177/030631289019003001

Taboada, M. B., Rojas-Lizana, S., Dutra, L. X. C., & Levu, A. V. M. (2020). Decolonial Design in Practice: Designing Meaningful and Transformative Science Communications for Navakavu, Fiji. Design and Culture, 12(2), 141–164. https://doi.org/10.1080/17547075.2020.1724479

Toellner, V. N. E. (2023). Unlocking Social Energy Through Relational Giving [Master´s Thesis, Delft University of Technology]. https://repository.tudelft.nl/record/uuid:51f0b20d-da6c-4ae7-b467-ae3f1c3af490

Torretta, N. B., Clark, B., & Redström, J. (2024). Reorienting Design Towards a Decolonial Ethos: Exploring Directions for Decolonial Design. Design and Culture, Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/17547075.2024.2356764

Tsekleves, E., Darby, A., Ahorlu, C., Pickup, R., Souza, D. de, & Boakye, D. (2020). Challenges and Opportunities in Conducting and Applying Design Research Beyond Global North to the Global South. DRS2020 Research Papers. https://doi.org/10.21606/drs.2020.145

Tunstall, E. (2023). Decolonizing Design: A Cultural Justice Guidebook. MIT Press.

Van Amstel, F. (2021, May 6). Pluriversal Design Methods and Critical Ontological Design. Frederick van Amstel. https://fredvanamstel.com/talks/pluriversal-design-methods-and-critical-ontological-design

Van Leeuwen, G., & Singh, A. (2023). Local Frictions in the Energy Transition: Design Anthropology for the Emergence of Energy Communities. The Ethnographic Praxis in Industry Conference 2023, 277–294. https://www.epicpeople.org/local-frictions-in-energy-transition-design-anthropology-for-energy-communities/

Van Leeuwen, G., & Singh, A. (2024). Design Anthropology for Ethics of Care and Emergence: Reflections from an Energy Transition Project. DRS2024 Research Papers. https://dl.designresearchsociety.org/drs-conference-papers/drs2024/researchpapers/235

Vatsyayan, K. (1996). Bharata, the Nāṭyaśāstra. Sahitya Akademi.

Vazquez, R. (2017). Precedence, Earth and the Anthropocene: Decolonizing Design. Design Philosophy Papers, 15(1), 77–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/14487136.2017.1303130

Zielhuis, M. R. P. (2023). Considering Design Practice: The Underutilized Opportunities in Collaborative Design Research Projects for Learning by Design Professionals [Doctoral Dissertation, Delft University of Technology]. https://doi.org/10.4233/uuid:7ee30b24-cb6d-4ab7-a0b9-6ea2e7be5aa3